Optimal. Leaf size=196 \[ \frac {2 \sqrt {a} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+a \sec (c+d x)}}\right )}{d}-\frac {9 \sqrt {a} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a+a \sec (c+d x)}}\right )}{8 \sqrt {2} d}+\frac {7 \cot (c+d x) \sqrt {a+a \sec (c+d x)}}{8 d}+\frac {\cot ^3(c+d x) (a+a \sec (c+d x))^{3/2}}{12 a d}-\frac {\cos (c+d x) \cot ^3(c+d x) \sec ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) (a+a \sec (c+d x))^{3/2}}{4 a d} \]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Rubi [A]
time = 0.14, antiderivative size = 196, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 7, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 23, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.217, Rules used = {3972, 483, 597,
536, 209} \begin {gather*} \frac {2 \sqrt {a} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a \sec (c+d x)+a}}\right )}{d}-\frac {9 \sqrt {a} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a \sec (c+d x)+a}}\right )}{8 \sqrt {2} d}+\frac {\cot ^3(c+d x) (a \sec (c+d x)+a)^{3/2}}{12 a d}+\frac {7 \cot (c+d x) \sqrt {a \sec (c+d x)+a}}{8 d}-\frac {\cos (c+d x) \cot ^3(c+d x) \sec ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) (a \sec (c+d x)+a)^{3/2}}{4 a d} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
Rule 209
Rule 483
Rule 536
Rule 597
Rule 3972
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \cot ^4(c+d x) \sqrt {a+a \sec (c+d x)} \, dx &=-\frac {2 \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{x^4 \left (1+a x^2\right ) \left (2+a x^2\right )^2} \, dx,x,-\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+a \sec (c+d x)}}\right )}{a d}\\ &=-\frac {\cos (c+d x) \cot ^3(c+d x) \sec ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) (a+a \sec (c+d x))^{3/2}}{4 a d}-\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {-a-5 a^2 x^2}{x^4 \left (1+a x^2\right ) \left (2+a x^2\right )} \, dx,x,-\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+a \sec (c+d x)}}\right )}{2 a^2 d}\\ &=\frac {\cot ^3(c+d x) (a+a \sec (c+d x))^{3/2}}{12 a d}-\frac {\cos (c+d x) \cot ^3(c+d x) \sec ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) (a+a \sec (c+d x))^{3/2}}{4 a d}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {21 a^2-3 a^3 x^2}{x^2 \left (1+a x^2\right ) \left (2+a x^2\right )} \, dx,x,-\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+a \sec (c+d x)}}\right )}{12 a^2 d}\\ &=\frac {7 \cot (c+d x) \sqrt {a+a \sec (c+d x)}}{8 d}+\frac {\cot ^3(c+d x) (a+a \sec (c+d x))^{3/2}}{12 a d}-\frac {\cos (c+d x) \cot ^3(c+d x) \sec ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) (a+a \sec (c+d x))^{3/2}}{4 a d}-\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {69 a^3+21 a^4 x^2}{\left (1+a x^2\right ) \left (2+a x^2\right )} \, dx,x,-\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+a \sec (c+d x)}}\right )}{24 a^2 d}\\ &=\frac {7 \cot (c+d x) \sqrt {a+a \sec (c+d x)}}{8 d}+\frac {\cot ^3(c+d x) (a+a \sec (c+d x))^{3/2}}{12 a d}-\frac {\cos (c+d x) \cot ^3(c+d x) \sec ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) (a+a \sec (c+d x))^{3/2}}{4 a d}+\frac {(9 a) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{2+a x^2} \, dx,x,-\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+a \sec (c+d x)}}\right )}{8 d}-\frac {(2 a) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1+a x^2} \, dx,x,-\frac {\tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+a \sec (c+d x)}}\right )}{d}\\ &=\frac {2 \sqrt {a} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+a \sec (c+d x)}}\right )}{d}-\frac {9 \sqrt {a} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \tan (c+d x)}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a+a \sec (c+d x)}}\right )}{8 \sqrt {2} d}+\frac {7 \cot (c+d x) \sqrt {a+a \sec (c+d x)}}{8 d}+\frac {\cot ^3(c+d x) (a+a \sec (c+d x))^{3/2}}{12 a d}-\frac {\cos (c+d x) \cot ^3(c+d x) \sec ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right ) (a+a \sec (c+d x))^{3/2}}{4 a d}\\ \end {align*}
________________________________________________________________________________________
Mathematica [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 4 vs. order 3 in
optimal.
time = 24.11, size = 5552, normalized size = 28.33 \begin {gather*} \text {Result too large to show} \end {gather*}
Warning: Unable to verify antiderivative.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maple [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(380\) vs.
\(2(166)=332\).
time = 0.22, size = 381, normalized size = 1.94
method | result | size |
default | \(-\frac {\sqrt {\frac {a \left (1+\cos \left (d x +c \right )\right )}{\cos \left (d x +c \right )}}\, \left (48 \sqrt {-\frac {2 \cos \left (d x +c \right )}{1+\cos \left (d x +c \right )}}\, \arctanh \left (\frac {\sqrt {-\frac {2 \cos \left (d x +c \right )}{1+\cos \left (d x +c \right )}}\, \sin \left (d x +c \right ) \sqrt {2}}{2 \cos \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) \left (\cos ^{2}\left (d x +c \right )\right ) \sin \left (d x +c \right ) \sqrt {2}+27 \sin \left (d x +c \right ) \left (\cos ^{2}\left (d x +c \right )\right ) \ln \left (-\frac {-\sqrt {-\frac {2 \cos \left (d x +c \right )}{1+\cos \left (d x +c \right )}}\, \sin \left (d x +c \right )+\cos \left (d x +c \right )-1}{\sin \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) \sqrt {-\frac {2 \cos \left (d x +c \right )}{1+\cos \left (d x +c \right )}}-48 \sqrt {-\frac {2 \cos \left (d x +c \right )}{1+\cos \left (d x +c \right )}}\, \sqrt {2}\, \arctanh \left (\frac {\sqrt {-\frac {2 \cos \left (d x +c \right )}{1+\cos \left (d x +c \right )}}\, \sin \left (d x +c \right ) \sqrt {2}}{2 \cos \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) \sin \left (d x +c \right )-27 \ln \left (-\frac {-\sqrt {-\frac {2 \cos \left (d x +c \right )}{1+\cos \left (d x +c \right )}}\, \sin \left (d x +c \right )+\cos \left (d x +c \right )-1}{\sin \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) \sqrt {-\frac {2 \cos \left (d x +c \right )}{1+\cos \left (d x +c \right )}}\, \sin \left (d x +c \right )-62 \left (\cos ^{3}\left (d x +c \right )\right )+4 \left (\cos ^{2}\left (d x +c \right )\right )+42 \cos \left (d x +c \right )\right ) \left (\cos ^{2}\left (d x +c \right )-1\right )}{48 d \sin \left (d x +c \right )^{5}}\) | \(381\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Fricas [A]
time = 3.91, size = 547, normalized size = 2.79 \begin {gather*} \left [\frac {27 \, {\left (\sqrt {2} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - \sqrt {2}\right )} \sqrt {-a} \log \left (\frac {2 \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-a} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a}{\cos \left (d x + c\right )}} \cos \left (d x + c\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 3 \, a \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 2 \, a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) - a}{\cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 2 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1}\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 48 \, {\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 1\right )} \sqrt {-a} \log \left (-\frac {8 \, a \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} - 4 \, {\left (2 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - \cos \left (d x + c\right )\right )} \sqrt {-a} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a}{\cos \left (d x + c\right )}} \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - 7 \, a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a}{\cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 1}\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 4 \, {\left (31 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} - 2 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 21 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a}{\cos \left (d x + c\right )}}}{96 \, {\left (d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - d\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}, \frac {48 \, {\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 1\right )} \sqrt {a} \arctan \left (\frac {2 \, \sqrt {a} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a}{\cos \left (d x + c\right )}} \cos \left (d x + c\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{2 \, a \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) - a}\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 27 \, {\left (\sqrt {2} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - \sqrt {2}\right )} \sqrt {a} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a}{\cos \left (d x + c\right )}} \cos \left (d x + c\right )}{\sqrt {a} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}\right ) \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 2 \, {\left (31 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{3} - 2 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 21 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right )\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a}{\cos \left (d x + c\right )}}}{48 \, {\left (d \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - d\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}\right ] \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \sqrt {a \left (\sec {\left (c + d x \right )} + 1\right )} \cot ^{4}{\left (c + d x \right )}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Giac [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 365 vs.
\(2 (166) = 332\).
time = 1.13, size = 365, normalized size = 1.86 \begin {gather*} -\frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (\frac {48 \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-a} a \log \left (\frac {{\left | 2 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - \sqrt {-a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} + a}\right )}^{2} - 4 \, \sqrt {2} {\left | a \right |} - 6 \, a \right |}}{{\left | 2 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - \sqrt {-a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} + a}\right )}^{2} + 4 \, \sqrt {2} {\left | a \right |} - 6 \, a \right |}}\right )}{{\left | a \right |}} + 27 \, \sqrt {-a} \log \left ({\left (\sqrt {-a} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - \sqrt {-a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} + a}\right )}^{2}\right ) + 6 \, \sqrt {-a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} + a} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + \frac {8 \, {\left (15 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - \sqrt {-a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} + a}\right )}^{4} \sqrt {-a} a - 24 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - \sqrt {-a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} + a}\right )}^{2} \sqrt {-a} a^{2} + 13 \, \sqrt {-a} a^{3}\right )}}{{\left ({\left (\sqrt {-a} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - \sqrt {-a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} + a}\right )}^{2} - a\right )}^{3}}\right )} \mathrm {sgn}\left (\cos \left (d x + c\right )\right )}{96 \, d} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.01 \begin {gather*} \int {\mathrm {cot}\left (c+d\,x\right )}^4\,\sqrt {a+\frac {a}{\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )}} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________